NELSON MANDELA: Long Walk To Freedom Class 10 Notes Based on SEBA.

NELSON MANDELA: Long Walk To Freedom

NELSON MANDELA: Long Walk To Freedom (www.hikha.in)

 

TEXTUAL AND ADDITIONAL Q&A

 

Q1. What is the full name of Nelson Mandela?

Or

Who is the author of “Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom”?

Ans: Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela.

 

Q2.What is apartheid?

Ans: Apartheid is a political system that separates people according to their race.

 

Q3.Where did the ceremonies take place?

Ans: The ceremony took place in the lovely sandstone amphitheatre formed by the Union Buildings in Pretoria.

 

Q4.Can you say how 10^th May is an ‘autumn day’ in South Africa?

Ans: the 10^th May is called an ‘autumn day’ in South Africa. Because on that day, there was the largest gathering ever of international leaders on South African soil for the installation of South Africa’s first democratic, non-racial government.

 

Q5. Why does Mandela thank the international leaders for?

Ans: Finally Mandela and his people got the privilege to be host to the nations of the world on their soil. So, Mandela thanks all the distinguished international leaders for having come to take possession with the people of his country for the purpose of common victory, for justice, for peace and for human dignity.

 

Q6.What ideals does Mandela set out for the future of South Africa?

Ans: Mandela always thought good for the future of South Africa. So, he pledged to liberate all his people from the continuing bondage of poverty, deprivation, sufferings, gender and other discrimination. He also stressed that the beautiful land of South Africa would never again experience the oppression of one by another. These ideals he set out for the future of South Africa.

 

Q7.What do the military generals do? How has their attitude changed and why?

Ans: The highest military generals of the South African defense force and the police saluted Nelson Mandela and pledged their loyalty. But Mandela was not unmindful of the fact that not so many years before the same force would not have saluted him but arrested.

                                  Their attitude changed due to the fact that a new non-racial government was elected in South Africa where Mandela was elected as the president of South Africa.

 

Q8.Why were two national anthems sung?

Ans: On the day of the inauguration, Mandela was attracted by two national anthems, one was sung by the blacks and another was sung by whites. The singing of the two national anthems symbolized the equality of blacks and whites.

 

Q9.How does Mandela describe the system of government in his country (i)in the first decade and (ii)in the final decade, of twentieth century?

Ans: Mandela describes the system of government in his country in the first decade and the final decade of the twentieth century. As he described in the first decade of twentieth century, the white skinned people of South Africa patched up their differences and erected a system of racial domination against the dark skinned people of their own country which created the basis of one of the harshest, most inhumane societies, the world has ever known.

                     But in the final decade of the twentieth century and his own eight decade as a man, the domination of the whites on the blacks had been over turned forever and replaced by one that recognized the rights and freedoms of all peoples, regardless of the colour of their skin.

 

Q10. What does courage mean to Mandela?

Ans: Mandela learnt the meaning of courage from his comrades. As he learnt, courage wasn’t the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave isn’t he who doesn’t feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear.

 

Q11.Which does Mandela think is natural, to love or to hate?

Ans: No man is born hating another person because of the colour of his skin or his background or his religion. People must learn to hate and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love also. But according to Mandela love comes more naturally to the human hearts than its opposite.

 

Q12.What ‘twin obligations’ does Mandela mention?

Ans: Mandela mentions that everyman has twin obligations in his life. Firstly, a man has obligations to his family, to his parents, to his wife and children. Secondly, he has an obligation to his people, his community and his country.

 

Q13.Does Mandela think the oppressor is free? Why/Why not?

Ans: Mandela doesn’t think the oppressor is free. Because according to Mandela, an oppressor who takes away another man’s freedom is a prisoner of hatred. He is looked behind the bars of prejudice and narrowmindness. The oppressed and the oppressor alike are robbed of their humanity.

 

Q14.What was the inauguration for?

Ans: The inauguration was to welcome dignitaries and world leaders who were present in South African soil for the installation of South Africa’s first democratic, non-racial government.

 

Q15.Who was sworn as first deputy president?

Ans: Thabo Mbeki.

 

Q16.Who was sworn as second deputy president?

Ans: Mr. de Klerk.

 

Q17. Who accompanied the narrator in the inauguration?

Ans: Nelson Mandela’s daughter Zenani accompanied the narrator, Nelson Mandela.

 

Q18. Write about the display of South African jets/ helicopters and troop carriers that took place in this occasion?

Ans: in this occasion, the South African jets and troops carriers roared in perfect formation over the Union Buildings in Pretoria.

 

Q19.What would the highest military generals have done to the author earlier?

Ans: The highest military generals of the South African defense force and the police would not have saluted Mandela earlier, but arrested.

 

Q20.What were the name of the two national anthems of South Africa?

Ans: On the day of the inauguration, Mandela was attracted by two national anthems, one by blacks and another by whites. The black sang ‘Die Stem…’, and whites sang ‘ Nkosi Sikelel –iAfrica’.

 

Q21.What had happened after ‘Anglo-Boer War’?

Ans: After Anglo-Boer War, the white skinned people of South Africa patched up their differences and erected a system of racial domination against the dark skinned people of their own land.

 

Q22.What is the new system of government?

Ans: In the new system of government, the domination of the whites on the blacks had been over turned forever and replaced by one that recognized the rights and freedoms of all peoples, regardless of the colour of their skin.

 

Q23. When was the democratic election held in South Africa?

Ans: 1994.

 

Q24. Who were the leaders present there?

Ans: The leaders  who were present there were the international leaders.

 

Q25. Why did the international leaders gather in South Africa on 10^th May, 1994?

Ans: The international leaders gathered in South Africa on 10^th May, 1994  for the installation of South Africa’s first democratic, non-racial government.

 

Q26. Who roared in perfect formation over the Union Buildings?

Ans: South African jets, helicopters and troop carriers roared in perfect formation over the Union Buildings in  Pretoria.

 

Q27. What were the colours emitted by a chevron of Impala jets?

Ans: The colours emitted by a chevron of Impala jets were black, red, green, blue and gold of the South African new flag.

 

Q28. What did the smoke trail of Impala jets symbolize?

Ans: The smoke trailed of Impala jets symbolized the new South African flag.

 

Q29. What happened in the first decade of twentieth century?

Ans: In the first decade of twentieth century, the white skinned people of South Africa patched up their differences and erected a system of racial domination against the dark skinned people of their own land.

 

Q30.Who formed the structure of one of the harshest and most inhumane societies?

Ans: The white skinned people formed the structure of one of the harshest and most inhumane societies.

 

Q31.What created a deep and lasting wound in South African?

Ans: the policy of ‘apartheid’ created a deep and lasting wound in South African.

 

Q32.What is the name of the party joined by Nelson Mandela?

Ans: African National Congress.

 

Q33. How many seats won by the party of Mandela?

Ans: 252 seats out of 400.

 

Q34. When was Mandela die?

Ans: On 5^th December, 2013.

 

Q35. How many years did Mandela spend in prison?

Ans: Thirty years.

 

Q36. Why did such a number of international leaders attend in the inauguration? What did it signify the triumph of?

Ans: On the day of the inauguration, a large numbers of international leaders attended in the soil of South Africa to pay their respects to the new democratic, non-racial government. It signified the victory of human freedoms and democracy. It also signified the importance of political independence.

 

Q38. How did Mandela’s understanding of freedom change with age and experience?

Ans: Mandela’s understanding of freedom changed with age and experience. During his boyhood days, he learnt that freedom was an illusion. As a youth, he realized that his freedom had been taken away from him. With the advancement of the age experience, Mandela felt that not only his freedom but also the freedom of everybody was curtailed. So to have freedom for all, he joined African National Congress.

 

Q39.How did Mandela’s hunger for freedom change his life?

Ans: Mandela’s hunger for freedom changed him into a great man, a states man and a visionary. He worked day and night for freedom. Mandela had to face physical and mental tortures for obtaining freedom for his own people.

 

Q40.How did Mandela opine/comment about his people?

Ans: Nelson Mandela has high opinion about the people of South Africa. According to him, the people of his country are the greatest wealth. They are finer and truer than the purest diamond. They create deep height of character.

 

Q41. What did Mandela discover as a youth?

Ans: As a youth, Mandela discovered that his freedom had been taken away from him.

 

Q42. Why does Mandela address the freedom as ‘new born liberty’?

Ans: The people had to face a terrible disaster of racial discrimination earlier. This disaster lasted for a long time and look many life. Now the people of South Africa are free from all such things. So, Mandela calls this liberty as a new born liberty.

 

Q43. What did being free meant by Mandela?

Ans: According to Mandela being free meant to be free in every way that he could know. Free to run in the fields near  his mother’s hut, free to swim in the clear stream that ran through his village, free to roast mealies under the stars and ride the broad back of slow-moving bull.

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